The University of Chester has confirmed the admission of Michel to its MSc in Programming and Project Management course. The news is very exciting for Michel. He is so passionate about that program. He expects to receive an MSc degree as a result of his work. He stands to benefit from the project in the future. The academic year needs to be initiated and prepared by Michel even before the modules begin. Michel has quite a task on his hands. Michel has selected you to assist him in this endeavor. The PRINCE2* methodology was used and applied to make that particular project successful. PRINCE2 is a method of managing projects based on a strong emphasis on organization and controls. A project management methodology known as PRINCE2 provides a very linear, process-oriented framework for managing projects, making it ideal for beginners.

Q 1. Apply Each of the Seven PRINCE2 Principles

A widely used method of managing projects, PRINCE2® is used by businesses and organizations in 150 different countries. PRINCE2® offers multiple benefits that apply to different projects, regardless of their size or business vertical. The 7 PRINCE2 principles serve as the foundation upon which all PRINCE2 activities are based. If Michel is not applying all these PRINCE2 principles, then the project is not a PRINCE2 project. An excellent project management method based on rigorous project management processes is known as PRINCE2®, and it is considered a pillar of project management no matter the size of the project (KnowledgeHut, 2016). Project managers have easier and more effective control over their projects as a result of streamlined, controlled project management principles and themes. Thus, all princes submit applications to this MSc project being conducted by Michel,

Continued Business Justification

In order for Michel to undertake any project, he must develop a business plan, as well as a list of risks and costs and identify both internal and external customers. This is exactly how PRINCE2® works. Michel will be able to reach the anticipated results as long as this is the focus of the project. His enthusiasm for the program is evident. A master's degree is his goal upon completion of his coursework. A master's degree is his goal upon completion of his coursework.

Learn from experience:

Additionally, it is important to document Michel's experiences so that he can access them in the future. Teams that learn from mistakes are able to handle projects more efficiently and fervently. Ensure consistency and reliability of learning by recording the stages and outcomes of the process. Learn from Michel's successes in order to avoid making the same mistakes again. As a result of Michel's success, future teams will be able to utilize Michel's expertise (Slate, 2019).

Defined roles and responsibilities:

When team members know what their responsibilities and roles are, they are more efficient, more productive, and more successful. With PRINCE2® methodology, every Michel team member is able to identify their roles and responsibilities, making it easier to organize and plan an effective, successful, and reliable project. A PRINCE2 project board's responsibilities include project assurance. According to PRINCE2, this project team consists of three roles, chief among them assurance (managers), assurance (users), and assurance (suppliers).

Manage by stages:

The stages of a project can be better managed by dividing them into sections. Each stage is reviewed by superiors at the end after the learning has been documented and completed. In addition, Michel's MSc project management will ensure no loopholes will develop and that the project stays on track (Saad et al., 2012).

Manage by exception:

As executive board members with a significant role within the organization, Michel and his team are unable to devote daily time to projects. They can, however, provide project managers with baseline requirements. An effective project will have measurable components, such as time, costs, risk assessments, and scope. When a problem arises, such as an overrun or deadline violation, the project manager will act appropriately. However, the set-up process may not go as planned. A decision is made by the board in such cases

Focus on the product:

Teams are also responsible for ensuring that measurable outcomes are achieved according to the project objectives. To make sure that the requirements are met, we always ensure superior quality control.

Tailor to suit the project:

As outlined in the Michel project management course, PRINCE2® is an adaptable system that makes project management easier. The system can be configured to meet the specifications of each individual project. In terms of team size, level of oversight, and current project stage, PRINCE2® can be customized to meet Michel's needs (Kidane, 2019).

Q 2. Approaches of Seven PRINCE2 Principles

The Project Board, project manager, and project team are the three primary roles and approaches in PRINCE2. For MSc projects in Management, Michel also plays many roles that ensure that work is completed according to requirements and standards.

Typically, the customer pays for the completed Michel project.

Whether the project's outcome impacts the user or not depends on the deliverables. There are cases where the user and the customer are the same people.

Michel team experts such as the supplier provide the knowledge and expertise needed to implement the project.

Planning, organizing, and monitoring project work are the responsibilities of the project manager. It's their responsibility to make sure work is done correctly and on time, as well as select and manage the people who complete project tasks.

The Michel team manager and project team members do the work to complete the tasks. Reporting directly to the project manager, team managers are responsible for the details of daily work (The 7 Principles, Themes, and Processes of PRINCE2 - PRINCE2 Blog | UK, 2017).

In addition to setting up meetings, keeping everyone updated, tracking documents, etc., the administrator can help. The project manager is responsible for taking care of this within smaller projects, but in large/complex projects, or when more than one project is running concurrently, a project support office is usually formed.

Project boards include a variety of Michel team members: the customer (usually an executive or representative), the end-user (or supplier), and the vendor. This helps ensure the success of the project from three different perspectives:

A cost-benefit analysis is typically used by customers to determine whether the Michel project remains viable financially.

It is the user's responsibility to meet his or her needs.

The supplier ensures that the solution is realistic and practical before accepting the project.

On some projects, PRINCE2 assurance is done by an unbiased, third-party team.

Q 3 & 4. Implement Seven PRINCE2 Themes & Approaches

There are several PRINCE2 Themes that can be applied to Michel's project lifecycle course. This is more like a train with passengers and a conductor. Every part makes sure the passengers are comfortable. The seven PRINCE2 topics that Michel uses are:

1. Business Case

A PRINCE2 project must document the business case. Throughout the project life cycle, the business case must be validated. Project management by Michel offers significant benefits to the parent company. Improvements in infrastructure result from rehabilitated highways, but the real benefit comes from rehabilitated highways (TOUBLANC, 2012).

Approach

Two management products are used to develop and maintain the business case:

Business case. As a result of this document, the durability of the project is continuously monitored based on its costs, benefits, expected disbenefits, risks, and timeframes.

Benefits Management Approach. Methods of achieving benefits through management.

Unlike the cost of the project alone, any ongoing operational costs after completion of the project should also be included in the business case. It is imperative to review the business case during each stage of the management process, after the start-up process, and after the project is completed so that benefits are realized.

2. Organization

Engineers or mechanics could not push the train to its destination (well, maybe). Consequently, the second question is: what impact will the assembly of the pieces have? Every part of a project should be considered important, according to PRINCE2. Michel's project management case summarizes the responsibilities and organization chart associated with PRINCE2 projects

Approach

The Organization theme requires the following management products:

Project Initiation Document (PID). Project initiation documents provide an overview of the project. The plan outlines which parts of the project each person will be in charge of, who will make decisions, and what authority they will have (Buehring, 2022).

Communications management approach. Communicating needs, communication frequencies, and communication styles are defined by this document.

3. Quality

As an analogy, riding a rattled train can be compared to the quality of project management. Although Michel and his team reach their destination, nobody will be happy with the results. Deliverable quality is a critical component of project evaluation. Having to repair deficiencies can increase costs (and require more time). When the cost (and time) of the project exceed the budget, it may be too late for the project.

Approach

Two management products are mandated by the Quality theme of PRINCE2:

Quality Management Approach. There are several metrics in the quality control document that outline the acceptability requirements for the next steps, the process for reviewing these steps, and who will be in charge of assessing them.

Quality Register. The Quality Register contains information on the results of all quality control and assurance activities that have been done or will be conducted (ROSEKE & P.ENG, 2019).

4. Plans

Michel's projects follow similar plans to those for project management. A proposal is carefully reviewed by Michel before it is moved forward. If he did not have anyone to agree with, Michel would not consent to it. A project is defined and a sense of confidence is engendered through the planning process. Implementation is determined by the project plan. Detailed information on each project can be found under the Project Information section, such as the budget, schedule, teams, risks, and more.

Approach

The plan format in PRINCE2 is not specified. There are valid ways to implement a stage plan, including charts, documents, spreadsheets, and whiteboard drawings. A common structure should include the following information:

Product Description: Describes in detail the goods or services that are being produced.

Work breakdown structure: A description of the tasks involved in producing a product.

Schedule: A breakdown of when each activity will occur.

Budget: A breakdown of the costs associated with the activities.

Quality register: List of activities that will be undertaken in the assurance and control of quality.

Risk register: Information about potential risks associated with the project, their severity, and how they will be addressed.

5. Risks

In addition to identifying and analyzing risk factors, Michel's project management must regularly assess risks. As part of a risk management approach, it is important to identify and analyze risks, as well as determine the people who are responsible for them (ROSEKE & P.ENG, 2019).

Approach

In this theme, the following management products are required:

Risk Management Approach. Outlines the process for managing risks. Describes the risk analysis techniques and the methods for prioritizing risks. Outlines how to re-evaluate risks by risk response plans.

Risk register. This document outlines the project risks as items, with probabilities and severity ranked. Responding to the most significant risks is also outlined.

As part of the risk theme, it is important to include risk opportunities as well. A risk that has a positive outcome is an opportunity, and taking advantage of opportunities can have a significant impact on project outcomes.

6. Change

The budget, the schedule, the quality standard, and thousands of other real-life issues can cause major changes to Michel’s project plans. Changes to a project are impossible to predict in advance. However, preparing change procedures and establishing a system for handling changes is essential to ensuring that the project doesn't fail. As a result, the theme of MSC course project changes will be the last one.

Approach

Two management products are required for this theme:

Issue Register. Issue Register enables project managers to track and mitigate all issues that result in project changes by tracking the items that pop up that require project changes.

Change Control Approach. When a project is changed, this document sets out the procedures that apply. A collection of corrective actions is prescribed in various circumstances and approaches to capturing and evaluating issues are discussed.

7. Progress

Progress is measured by ensuring that the Michel met the project plan's objectives. Monitoring the progress of a project involves determining how well it is performing against its goals for scope, costs, quality, risks, and timeframe. Depending on the actual progress, a decision is made on whether to move forward with the project, make adjustments, or cancel it (The 7 Principles, Themes, and Processes of PRINCE2 - PRINCE2 Blog | UK, 2017).

Approach

The Project Initiation Document (PID) describes the approach to managing progress in PRINCE2 projects. It describes how stages are separated and each is authorized separately. There are two ways to report progress:

Time driven. Recurring in a regular schedule

Event-driven. When a particular event is triggered, it occurs.

Description, Analysis and Evaluation

The description of this case is to analyzed the Michel project management. Michel was admitted to the program for a master's in programming and project management at the University of Chester. Michel is very excited about this new opportunity. The program holds a lot of promise for him. A master's degree is his goal after completing his studies. He will benefit greatly from this project. The academic year should begin with Michel initiating and preparing for it. Michel performed many analysis for getting knowledge about their project. Michel has quite a load on his mind. Michel has chosen members as his teammates to complete this project. PRINCE2* was utilized successfully in that project. An emphasis is placed on controls and organization in PRINCE2. Michel Evaluate the PRINCE2 principles and themes and also relate work to these themes and principle approaches. Due to its linear process approach, the PRINCE2 method is a good introduction to project management for beginners.

Assignment Part 2

Discussion and Lesson Learnt

Introduction

It is the purpose of this chapter to present the researcher's critical analysis of project management theory and methodology. A discussion of the literature on project management methodologies will be presented in this chapter. The final chapter of this document will expand on the Prince2 methodologies including process, primary themes, primary principles, and key elements. As well, we will discuss factors that may impact the implementation of the Prince2 framework as well as challenges encountered during its implementation.

Theoretical Literature Review

It would be helpful to clarify the concept of a project before discussing some details of project management. Several types of literature describe projects in different ways. We will examine the most common ways in which projects are defined. Projects are temporary undertakings that result in unique products, services, or events. When humans, materials, and resources are integrated to achieve measurable benefits within constraints of cost and schedule, a project is an endeavor that organizes resources in a new way to achieve a unique scope of work. It is common for people to ask why an organization implements a project and what makes it different from their daily operational activities (Cagliesi & Petrelli, 2014). As a product or service has unique characteristics, a project differs from operational work because it is not repetitive or routine like manufacturing a product. Many projects require people, but those employees are seldom working together. The most common reasons why organizations conduct projects are to develop new products, investigate, and deal with business problems.

Project Management Methodology

As a methodology, you can think of it as guidelines, or a list containing checklists that help you achieve certain goals. The project environment also follows the same approach, template, form, and checklist to meet expectations set forth by the client. There is a theoretical basis for project management that is created by a collection of structural elements. The Project Management Methodology (PMM) is defined as a method that enables projects to be more effective and more successful. To facilitate more predictable success rates in projects, PMMs have been developed. Project management methodologies have been discussed from many different perspectives (Pace, 2019). Literature is defined by the concepts it discusses and classified into different categories. The first concept examines whether certain methodologies apply to any project or whether certain methodologies are more suitable for particular projects. Various literature reviews look at the question of whether a project requires standard PMM, customized PMM tailored to its requirements, or both types of PMM. A final question concerns using a PMM that is internationally recognized like Prince2 or making your own.

Considering these three perspectives, the study will then examine the third viewpoint which aims to identify whether a project should use homemade PMM or standard PMM. Literature supports both concepts by describing briefly how the project team can gain benefits from doing so (Priyanka, 2016). The researcher will discuss points regarding international PMMs since this study focuses on PRINCE2 PMM practice. In addition, the study points out that homemade PMMs differ from standard PMMs in how they are implemented.

PRINCE2

A private-sector framework inspired PRINCE2, which was formalized by the UK government. PROMPT, which stood for Project Resource Organization Management and Planning Techniques, was developed by Impact Systems Ltd. It contained a system development module called PROMPT II. To respond to computer projects exceeding their deadlines and budgets, Simpact developed PROMPT (prince2.com). Simpact's PROMPT project management software was purchased by the UK government not long after. A new standard was created after the CCTA successfully implemented the PROMPT II and adapted it to meet the needs of the country. Their variant of PROMPT II, called "PRINCE" in April 1989, was named after the king. As a result, it is now known as Projects in Controlled Environments, which is a variation of Prompt II IN the CCTA Environment. The changes from the PROMPT II version include Critical Path Analysis and a project manager for project management (Priyanka, 2016).

PMMs such as PRINCE2 help project managers meet their delivery timelines and stay on budget. Towards this end, PRINCE2 divides projects into clear stages with clearly defined beginnings and endings. Moreover, they are mainly responsible for implementing products rather than delivering them. Throughout the private and public sectors worldwide, PRINCE2 is used as the leading project management method. The PRINCE2 methodology is based on processes. In Prince2, controls are established at the beginning, during a project, and when the project ends.

Project management methodology PRICE2 is made up of seven steps. It also includes seven elements for each process, principle, and theme. A project manager's functions to plan, delegate, monitor, control, and motivate stakeholders to meet specified requirements within budget, schedule, quality, scope, and risk targets are all described as project management in PRINCE2 methodology. This approach focuses on the delivery of the product established by the project and clearly defines the roles and responsibilities of project team members. A project framework provides a framework that can accommodate the varied range of activities and disciplines required throughout a project. With PRINCE2, you will be able to define the beginning, middle, and end definitions for each stage of a project. As part of the project delivery process, PRINCE2 places emphasis on the final product that is delivered (Pawar & Mahajan, 2017).

Seven Process of PRINCE2

PRINCE2 is a method for managing projects based on processes. The definition of a process is to arrange activities systematically so that a particular objective can be achieved. The output is defined as the result of taking in one or more inputs. As a result of PRINCE2's seven processes, a project can be directed, managed, and delivered successfully.

Starting up a Project. During the project initiation process, the pre-requisites for launching the project will be reviewed to determine whether the project has value and is viable. Start-up activities occur before the project decision is made. The decision to start the project must be explicit. Additionally, it is about approving viable projects for initiation, not poorly conceived ones (Hughes et al., 2017).

Initiating a Project. Developing a project plan and strategic direction is vital. Every project process, such as safeguarding risks, ensuring quality, and communicating with stakeholders, must be defined

Directing a Project. This project is led by the corporate/programmed management until it's completed and overseen at every stage. Management is involved in planning exceptions and approves each stage commencing.

Controlling a Stage. A project manager is responsible for overseeing every stage of the project, taking action where needed, and issuing authorizations for work packages. The project manager identifies issues and risks and escalates them to the project board.

Managing Product Delivery. While accepting a work package, the managers and the development team must deliver the product as planned during each stage of the development process (Hughes et al., 2017).

Managing Stage Boundaries (SB): - This process is done by the project manager at the end of each stage, especially when creating the exception plan. Project managers create stage reports and forecasts for the next stage based on the stage report.

Closing a Project (CP): - The final phase of a project is its closure. The project manager performs this activity after the evaluation of the project, handover of the product, and documentation of lessons learned are completed.

Factors that affect PRINCE2 Implementations

Prince2 PMM can be implemented successfully in an organization depending on several factors. In this study, we will examine the impact of project management training and organizational structure on the implementation in our agency, as well as the adaptability of the methodology. The results will be discussed briefly in the following paragraphs.

Project Team Competencies

To make the project completed according to their expectations, project managers should possess different competencies. It is possible to find several kinds of literature that discuss the capabilities of project managers as they relate to the success of projects. The contribution of project managers' skills to the success of a project. In addition, they reported that the most relevant competencies for project managers are team management, knowledge of the business domain, communication, and people skills. Project performance improves when these competencies are used (Pai, 2010).

Risk Management

In risk management, the emphasis is on increasing successful outcomes and reducing the impact of unsuccessful outcomes. To ensure the implementation and success of the project, PRINCE2 provides processes for identifying and managing risks. When risk management is conducted appropriately, the project will achieve its goals.

Organization Structure

Project management methodologies should be implemented within an organization's structure to support the necessary changes. To foster the exchange of knowledge between knowledge holders and adapters, a culture of learning and leadership is required. Thus, project management methods are more likely to be adopted by employees in an organization where the above is in place. An environment conducive to experimentation and risk-taking should be created by the project management methodology (Pai, 2010). For a culture of risk-taking and the embrace of any form of change to flourish, there should be a clear strategic vision within the organization. Regardless of what type of change is required, the organization needs to be prepared.

Communication

Before adopting the project management methodology, each employee of an organization should be properly informed of the benefits of the practice. Top management buy-in must be obtained before implementing the methodology and thus accelerating its adoption. Training should be provided for project managers on the best practices and what the project management methodology encompasses. The project managers will be more inclined to consult, help one another, and so ultimately adopt the project management methodology when they feel there will be others who must utilize it (Bratislavensia, 2017).

Adaptability of Methodology

An adaption is a process of transforming something according to a different purpose, use, or circumstance. As a result, organizational change is inevitable, leading to project managers being challenged by changes in technology, environments, and expectations. The key to adapting is the emphasis on interacting, being responsive, adjusting, and receiving feedback while maintaining awareness of ambiguity and complexity inherent in a situation. The PMI-PRINCE2 framework is often viewed as too bureaucratic or only suitable for large projects. A lot of work was put into revising PRINCE2 in 2009 to address the particulars of project environments and scales, but detailed guidance is still not provided in one place as a useful tool for project managers participating in PRINCE2 environments and running small projects (Bratislavensia, 2017).

According to research carried out at the University of Queensland, tailoring (such as flexible design) continued to be mentioned in the survey of respondents involved in PRINCE2 research despite new guidance on tailoring in the revised PRINCE2 2009. There were PRINCE2 users and non-PRINCE2 users included in the study.

Empirical Literature Review

The factors that can affect project management methodologies have been examined empirically through different types of studies. The most important factors influencing the adoption of management methodologies have been identified. According to him, the following factors can influence the adoption or implementation of the PMM: communication between stakeholders, project management experience, and ability to tailor the PMM (Pawar & Mahajan, 2017). This study will discuss the implementation of PRINCE2 and the challenges experienced by the Agency after reviewing the conceptual literature related to PRINCE2. Researchers examined this concept empirically and found that projects that implement PRINCE2 PMM have a higher success rate. Additionally, the study noted that the timeline was designed based on the methodologies, risk analyses, quality assessments, and quality analyses, avoiding potential omissions and ensuring the success of the project (M.G.S., 2014).

Furthermore, the Principles of Project Management Two (PRINCE2) method is designed to help with stage-by-stage planning, describe organizational roles, control quality, and manage risks. Effective resource management makes a strong Business Case. An effective management plan, risk management, and project plan are also required to make the Business Case. The project has produced favorable results. PRINCE2 further explained how it improves the odds of success by providing the necessary environment and inputs and processes.

References

Bratislavensia, S. C. (2017). (PDF) Application of PRINCE2 Project Management Methodology. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322350477_Application_of_PRINCE2_Project_Management_Methodology

Cagliesi, A., & Petrelli, F. (2014). Prince2® e guida al pmbok®: “questo matrimonio” s’ha da fare!". PROJECT MANAGER (IL), 20, 43–46. https://doi.org/10.3280/pm2014-020013

Hughes, D. L., Dwivedi, Y. K., & Rana, N. P. (2017). Mapping IS failure factors on PRINCE2® stages: an application of Interpretive Ranking Process (IRP). Production Planning & Control, 28(9), 776–790. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537287.2017.1311431

Kidane, D. (2019). SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES PRACTICES AND CHALLENGES OF PRINCE2 METHODOLOGY IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY PROJECTS IMPLEMENTATION: THE CASE OF SELECTED ORGANIZATION BASED IN ADDIS ABABA ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA. http://197.156.93.91/bitstream/123456789/4726/1/Final%20thesis%20document%20prince2%20V3.1.pdf

KnowledgeHut. (2016, October 29). PRINCE2® Seven Principles [Explained] - Complete Guide. KnowledgeHut Blog. https://www.knowledgehut.com/blog/project-management/the-principles-of-prince2

M.G.S., D. (2014). Empirical Progression of Lean Manufacturing: Literature Review. International Journal of Engineering Research, 3(11), 657–661. https://doi.org/10.17950/ijer/v3s11/1107

Pace, M. (2019). A Correlational Study on Project Management Methodology and Project Success. Journal of Engineering, Project, and Production Management, 9(2), 56–65. https://doi.org/10.2478/jeppm-2019-0007

Pai, S. (2010). Project management (PRINCE2) foundation qualification. BMJ, c2140. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.c2140

Pawar, R. P., & Mahajan, K. N. (2017). (PDF) Benefits and Issues in Managing Project by PRINCE2 Methodology. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318555680_Benefits_and_Issues_in_Managing_Project_by_PRINCE2_Methodology

Priyanka. (2016). Critical Evaluation of Prince2 and Agile Project Management Methodologies for a complex project. International Journal of Engineering and Computer Science. https://doi.org/10.18535/ijecs/v5i10.61

ROSEKE, B., & P.ENG. (2019). The 7 Themes of PRINCE2. Projectengineer.net. https://www.projectengineer.net/the-7-themes-of-prince2/

Saad, S., Ibrahim, A., Asma, O., Khan, M., & Akhtar, J. (2012). A Case Study on Implementation of Prince2 Methodology in Automotive Industry in Malaysia (A Preliminary Study). International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 3(4). https://www.ijser.org/researchpaper/A-CASE-STUDY-ON-IMPLEMENTATION-OF-PRINCE2-METHODOLOGY-IN-AUTOMOTIVE-INDUSTRY-IN-MALAYSIA-.pdf

Slate, A. (2019, April 24). PRINCE2: The Reigning Project Management Methodology. Wrike.com. https://www.wrike.com/blog/project-management-basics-prince2-explained/

The 7 Principles, Themes and Processes of PRINCE2 - PRINCE2 Blog | UK. (2017). Prince2.com. https://www.prince2.com/uk/blog/the-7-principles-themes-and-processes-of-prince2

TOUBLANC, S. (2012). Conduire un projet avec la méthode PRINCE2®. Métier: Responsable Bureau d’Étude/Conception. https://doi.org/10.51257/f-0941

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Managing Successful Projects with PRINCE2®

Assignment Part 1

Case Study One: MSc Course

Introduction

Q 1. Apply Each of the Seven PRINCE2 Principles

Q 2. Approaches of Seven PRINCE2 Principles

Q 3 & 4. Implement Seven PRINCE2 Themes & Approaches

Assignment Part 2

Discussion and Lesson Learnt

Introduction

Theoretical Literature Review

Project Management Methodology

Seven Process of PRINCE2

Factors that affect PRINCE2 Implementations

Empirical Literature Review

References

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